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java之由于上下文问题无法执行单元测试

2024年05月22日23lyhabc

我正在尝试执行基本单元测试以将数据保存到内存中的 H2 数据库。然后检索并比较它。但是我遇到了某种上下文问题,我无法在谷歌中找到解决方案。

这是我的结构:

这是我的测试:

最后是测试包的 application.properties:

当我尝试运行测试时,这是我得到的:

java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: org.springframework.util.Assert.state(ZLjava/util/function/Supplier;)V 
 
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.buildMergedContextConfiguration(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:379) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.buildDefaultMergedContextConfiguration(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:312) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.buildMergedContextConfiguration(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:265) 
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.buildTestContext(AbstractTestContextBootstrapper.java:108) 

我的 pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" 
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> 
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> 
 
    <groupId>com.nbu.sportapp</groupId> 
    <artifactId>nbu-sport-app</artifactId> 
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> 
    <packaging>jar</packaging> 
 
    <name>nbu-sport-app</name> 
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> 
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> 
 
    <parent> 
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> 
        <version>1.5.7.RELEASE</version> 
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> 
    </parent> 
 
    <properties> 
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> 
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> 
        <java.version>1.8</java.version> 
    </properties> 
 
    <dependencies> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> 
            <artifactId>spring-security-core</artifactId> 
            <version>5.1.1.RELEASE</version> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>junit</groupId> 
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId> 
            <version>4.12</version> 
            <scope>test</scope> 
        </dependency> 
 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> 
            <scope>runtime</scope> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>mysql</groupId> 
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> 
            <version>8.0.13</version> 
        </dependency> 
 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> 
            <scope>test</scope> 
            <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>com.h2database</groupId> 
            <artifactId>h2</artifactId> 
            <version>1.4.197</version> 
            <scope>test</scope> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId> 
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId> 
            <version>5.2.0</version> 
            <scope>compile</scope> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.junit.platform</groupId> 
            <artifactId>junit-platform-surefire-provider</artifactId> 
            <version>1.3.2</version> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
            <artifactId>spring-boot-test</artifactId> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>it.ozimov</groupId> 
            <artifactId>spring-boot-email-core</artifactId> 
            <version>0.6.3</version> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>junit</groupId> 
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> 
            <version>5.1.1.RELEASE</version> 
            <scope>compile</scope> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId> 
            <artifactId>quartz</artifactId> 
            <version>2.3.0</version> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype</groupId> 
            <artifactId>jackson-datatype-jsr310</artifactId> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId> 
            <artifactId>quartz-jobs</artifactId> 
            <version>2.3.0</version> 
        </dependency> 
 
 
    </dependencies> 
 
    <build> 
        <plugins> 
            <plugin> 
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> 
            </plugin> 
        </plugins> 
    </build> 
 
 
</project> 

请您参考如下方法:

你的依赖关系一团糟。您正在将 Spring Boot 1.5.7 与 Spring Boot 2.0.4 混合使用。这导致混合 Spring 4.3 和 5.0,接下来您为 Spring 5.1.1 添加 Spring Test 依赖项,将另一个版本添加到混合中。更不用说 Spring Security 版本了。

所以简而言之,你的依赖关系一团糟。不包括 junitspring-test依赖而不是使用 spring-boot-starter-test .这同样适用于安全用途spring-boot-starter-security反而。

初学者不要使用 version所有这些属性都通过您的 parent 进行管理spring-boot-starter-parent 声明.

显然您还没有使用 JUnit5,因此您可能还想删除这些依赖项。

最后,Spring Boot 将为您管理 H2 和 MySQL 版本,如果您想覆盖那些在 properties 中执行的操作通过声明 a h2.version 的部分和/或 mysql.version属性(property)。总而言之,您可以删除 version这些依赖项的标记也是如此。

你的 dependencies部分应该看起来像这样。

<dependencies> 
    <dependency> 
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
        <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> 
        <scope>runtime</scope> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
        <groupId>mysql</groupId> 
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>            
    </dependency> 
 
    <dependency> 
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> 
        <scope>test</scope>             
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
        <groupId>com.h2database</groupId> 
        <artifactId>h2</artifactId>             
        <scope>test</scope> 
    </dependency>         
    <dependency> 
        <groupId>it.ozimov</groupId> 
        <artifactId>spring-boot-email-core</artifactId> 
        <version>0.6.3</version> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
        <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId> 
        <artifactId>quartz</artifactId> 
        <version>2.3.0</version> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
        <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype</groupId> 
        <artifactId>jackson-datatype-jsr310</artifactId> 
    </dependency> 
    <dependency> 
        <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId> 
        <artifactId>quartz-jobs</artifactId> 
        <version>2.3.0</version> 
    </dependency> 
</dependencies>